NR 714 Discussion Outcomes Assessment to Differentiate Original Research From Quality Improvement ESSAY

NR 714 Discussion Outcomes Assessment to Differentiate Original Research From Quality Improvement

NR 714 Discussion Outcomes Assessment to Differentiate Original Research From Quality Improvement

Using Outcomes Assessment to Differentiate Original Research
From Quality Improvement

Differentiate original research from quality improvement
using outcomes assessment in advanced nursing practice.

Healthcare is increasingly focused on improving patient care outcomes while decreasing
healthcare costs. As a result, greater efforts
have been dedicated to implementing evidence-based
practice, which relies on clinical research findings to
guide practice and quality improvement (QI) to assess
whether or not changes made in practice have had an
influence on patient care outcomes. Differentiating between a research study and a QI project can be difficult, as both often involve defining a problem, developing and implementing an intervention or change to
address the problem, and then analyzing the effect of
that change on the problem of interest. Overlap between these 2 approaches exists. However, there are
some differences that can help determine whether or
not the work to be conducted qualifies as a research
study or a QI project. Understanding these differences
is important to clinical nurses so that they may have
the ability to determine whether or not a project qualifies as research or QI, and, in turn, be prepared to
address any ethical considerations and ensure that all
regulations are followed.

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DEFINING RESEARCH
According to the National Institutes of Health, research
is defined as
A systematic, intensive study intended to increase
knowledge or understanding of the subject studied,
a systematic study specifically directed toward applying
new knowledge to meet a recognized need, or a systematic application of knowledge to the production of useful
materials, devices, and systems or methods, including
design, development, and improvement of prototypes
and new processes to meet specific requirements.1
Disclosure: The author has disclosed that she has no significant relationships with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining
to this article.
No funding was received in support of this work.
Research must be conducted in a methodical order, following a series of steps and a standard protocol. These
rules are broadly similar from one research study to another, but they may vary slightly between the different
fields of science. Regardless of the field, research must
be organized and undergo planning, including an assessment of the literature on the topic, identification of
a specific problem or question, development of a research methodology, the collection of data, and a data
analysis plan. Interpretation and dissemination of the
study findings via publication and presentation are a
priority in research.
Research is typically conducted independent of routine medical care and, in the majority of cases, involves
human subjects who are participants. All research involving human subjects requires review and approval
by the institutional review board (IRB) within an institution. The IRB is responsible for reviewing scientific integrity and ensuring the protection of the human subjects from any risks that may be associated
with participating in the research study. The human
subjects have an opportunity to decide about being involved in the research study and can withdraw their
participation at any time as part of the informed consent process. Research endeavors can be costly and
often rely on funding from outside the hospital or university. The key principles of research are noted in
Table 1.
DEFINING QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
The Institute of Medicine is a recognized leader and advisor on improving healthcare across the United States.
It defines quality in healthcare as a direct correlation between the level of improved health services
and the desired health outcomes of individuals and
populations.2 In the landmark publication, Crossing the
Quality Chasm, the Institute of Medicine outlined 6 specific aims that a healthcare system must fulfill to deliver
quality care:

NR 714 Discussion Outcomes Assessment to Differentiate Original Research From Quality Improvement ESSAY

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