BIO 550 Week 1 Assignment: Epidemiology ESSAY

BIO 550 Week 1 Assignment: Epidemiology

BIO 550 Week 1 Assignment: Epidemiology

Field Introduction

You are an
epidemiologist, and have been asked to speak at Career Day for Myers College, a
community college in your area. The theme of this year’s Career Day is
“Little Known Health Science Fields.” Epidemiology has been
identified as one such field, and you have been tasked with introducing the
science to the students. In 500-750 words, address the following:

Define
epidemiology.

Identify
five objectives of epidemiology.

Identify
and explain three subspecialties within epidemiology.

Refer to
the “Areas of Epidemiology” resource.

You are
required to use a minimum of two scholarly resources.

Prepare
this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide,
located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This
assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade
the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning
the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations
for successful completion of the assignment.

You are
required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the directions in
the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to LopesWrite.

Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.

It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, amend interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.[1]

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Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance, environmental epidemiology, forensic epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of

treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to better understand proximate and distal causes, and engineering for exposure assessment.

Epidemiology, literally meaning “the study of what is upon the people”, is derived from Greek epi ‘upon, among’, demos ‘people, district’, and logos ‘study, word, discourse’, suggesting that it applies only to human populations. However, the term is widely used in studies of zoological populations (veterinary epidemiology), although the term “epizoology” is available, and it has also been applied to studies of plant populations (botanical or plant disease epidemiology).[2]

The distinction between “epidemic” and “endemic” was first drawn by Hippocrates,[3] to distinguish between diseases that are “visited upon” a population (epidemic) from those that “reside within” a population (endemic).[4] The term “epidemiology” appears to have first been used to describe the study of epidemics in 1802 by the Spanish physician Villalba in Epidemiología Española.[4] Epidemiologists also study the interaction of diseases in a population, a condition known as a syndemic.

The term epidemiology is now widely applied to cover the description and causation of not only epidemic, infectious disease, but of disease in general, including related conditions. Some examples of topics examined through epidemiology include as high blood pressure, mental illness and obesity. Therefore, this epidemiology is based upon how the pattern of the disease causes change in the function of human beings.

BIO 550 Week 1 Assignment: Epidemiology ESSAY

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